【免费下载】Revised Monograph on Traffic Flow Theory,TRB,1999

trafficflow

This article outlines the revised Monograph on Traffic Flow Theory, which can be viewed on the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center Web site (www.tfhrc.gov/its/tft/tft.htm). This report is an updated and expanded version of two previous works that were sponsored by the Transportation Research Board (TRB) and its predecessor, the Highway Research Board (HRB). The first monograph was published as HRB Special Report 79 in 1964. A completely rewritten monograph was published as TRB Special Report 165 in 1975. This volume is now out of print, and in 1987, the TRB Committee on Traffic Flow Theory and Characteristics recommended that a new monograph be prepared as a joint effort of committee members and other authors.
While many of the basic theories may not have changed much, the significant developments since 1975 merited the writing of a new version of the monograph. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) supported this effort through an interagency agreement with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. TRB is currently reviewing the revised monograph provided by FHWA, and the monograph will be published as a formal TRB report sometime in 1999.

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trafficflow

This affix is Foreword

The general philosophy of the previous two reports was retained, but the text was completely rewritten and reorganized into 10 chapters. The primary reasons for such a major revision were: to bring the material up-to-date, to include new developments in traffic-flow theory (e.g., network models), to ensure consistency among chapters and topics, and to emphasize the applications or practical aspects of the theory.

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trafficflow

This affix is Table of Contents.

The 10 chapter titles are:
(1) Introduction,
(2) Traffic Stream Characteristics,
(3) Human Factors,
(4) Car-Following Models,
(5) Continuum Flow Models,
(6) Macroscopic Flow Models,
(7) Traffic Impact Models,
(8) Unsignalized Intersection Theory,
(9) Traffic Flow at Signalized Intersections, and
(10) Traffic Simulation.

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trafficflow

This affix is Introduction,by Nathan H.Gartner ,Carroll Messer and Ajay K. Rathi.

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trafficflow

This affix is Traffic Stream Characteristics(part1),by Fred L. Hall.

Chapter 2 presents the various models that have been developed to characterize the relationships among the traffic stream variables: speed, flow, and concentration. Most of the relationships are concerned with uninterrupted traffic flow, primarily on freeways or expressways. The chapter stresses the link between theory and measurement capability because, to a large extent, development of the former depends on the latter.
Since I cannot upload Chapter 2 in this file, I write two new file:
part1:Chapter 2 of《Monograph on Traffic Flow Theory》,part1!
part2:Chapter 2 of《Monograph on Traffic Flow Theory》,part2!
You can download two parts and put them in a folder,then choose any part and decompress,get the full Chapter 2 at last!
Be happy!
水寿松注：由于论坛遭受过一次大量删帖的劫遇，故此上述两个帖子《Chapter 2 of《Monograph on Traffic Flow Theory》,part1!》和《Chapter 2 of《Monograph on Traffic Flow Theory》,part2!》均被删除了，此次我上传相应的内容成一个压缩文件，也就是这本专著的第二章《Traffic Stream Characteristics》，方便大家自由下载！


[ 本帖最后由 水寿松 于 2009-4-27 22:43 编辑 ]

trafficflow

This affix is TRAFFIC STREAM CHARACTERISTICS(part2),BY FRED L. HALL

trafficflow

This affix is Human Factors,by Rodger J. Koppa.

Chapter 3, Human Factors, discusses salient performance aspects of the human element in the context of the person-machine system ( i.e., the motor vehicle). The chapter describes discrete components of performance, including: perception-reaction time; control movement time; how different segments of the population differ in performance; and responses to traffic control devices, to the movement of other vehicles, and to hazards in the roadway. Next, the kind of control performance that underlies steering, braking, and speed control - the primary control functions - is described. Applications of open-loop and closed-loop vehicle control to specific maneuvers such as lane-keeping, car-following, overtaking, gap acceptance, lane closures, and sight distances are also described. To round out the chapter, a few other performance aspects of the driver-vehicle system are covered, including speed limit changes, distractions on the highway, and responses to real-time driver information. The most obvious application of human factors is in the development of car-following models.

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trafficflow

This affix is Car Following Models,by Richard W. Rothery.

Chapter 4 on car-following models examines the manner in which individual vehicles (and their drivers) follow one another. In general, they are developed from a stimulus-response relationship, where the response of successive drivers in the traffic stream is to accelerate or decelerate in proportion to the magnitude of the stimulus at time t after a time lag T. Car-following models form a bridge between the microscopic behavior of individual vehicles and the macroscopic characteristics of a single-lane traffic stream with its corresponding flow and stability properties.

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trafficflow

This affix is Continuum Flow Models，by Reinhart Kuhne and Panos Michalopoulos.

Chapter 5 deals with continuum flow models. There is a natural tendency to attempt to describe traffic in terms of fluid behavior. Continuum models are concerned more with the overall statistical behavior of the traffic stream rather than with the interaction between the two particles.
The simple continuum model consists of the conservation equation and the equation of state (speed-density or flow-density relationship). If these equations are solved together with the basic traffic-flow equation (flow equals density times speed), we can obtain the speed, flow, and density at any time and at any point in the roadway. By knowing these basic traffic-flow variables, we know the state of the traffic system and can derive measures of effectiveness, such as delays, stops, travel time, total travel, and other measures that allow the analysts to evaluate how well the traffic system is performing. In this chapter, both simple and high-order models are presented along with analytical and numerical methods for their implementation.

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trafficflow

This affix is Macroscopic Flow Models,by James C. Williams.

Chapter 6, Macroscopic Flow Models, discards the microscopic view of traffic in terms of individual vehicles or individual system components (such as links or intersections) and adopts instead a macroscopic view of traffic in a network. A variety of models are presented together with empirical evidence of their applicability. Variables that are being considered, for example, include the traffic intensity (the distance traveled per unit area), the road density (the length or area of roads per unit area of city), and the weighted space mean speed. The development of such models extends traffic-flow theory into the network level and can provide traffic engineers with the means to evaluate systemwide control strategies in urban areas. Furthermore, the quality of service provided to motorists can be monitored to assess the city's ability to manage growth. Network performance models could also be used to compare traffic conditions among different cities in order to determine the allocation of resources for transportation system improvements.

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trafficflow

This affix is Traffic Impact Models,by Sia Ardekani,Ezra Hauer and Bahram Jamei.

Chapter 7 addresses traffic impact models. Issues of traffic safety and environmental impacts, such as fuel consumption and air pollution, were not specifically addressed in the previous monographs.

[ 本帖最后由 水寿松 于 2009-4-27 22:54 编辑 ]

trafficflow

This affix is Unsignalized Intersection Theory,by Rod J. Troutbeck and Werner Brilon.

Chapter 8 is on unsignalized intersection theory. Unsignalized intersections give neither positive indication nor control to the driver. The driver alone must decide when it is safe to enter the intersection. Typically, he looks for a safe opportunity or "gap" in the conflicting traffic.

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trafficflow

This affix is Traffic Flow at Signalized Intersections,BY Nagui Rouphail, Andrzej Tarko and Jing Li.

Chapter 9 discusses traffic flow at signalized intersections. The statistical theory of traffic flow is presented to provide estimates of delays and queues at isolated intersections, including the effect of upstream traffic signals. This leads to the discussion of traffic bunching, dispersion, and coordination at traffic signals. The fluid (shock-wave) approach to traffic signal analysis is not covered in this chapter; it is treated to some extent in chapter 5. Both pretimed and actuated signal-control theory are presented in some detail. Further, delay models that are founded on steady-state queue theory, as well as those using the so-called coordinate transform method, are covered. Adaptive signal control is discussed only in a qualitative manner because this topic pertains primarily to the development of optimal signal-control strategies, which is outside the scope of this chapter.

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trafficflow

This affix is Traffic Simulation,by Edward Lieberman and Ajay K. Rathi.

The last chapter, chapter 10, is on traffic simulation. Simulation modeling is an increasingly popular and effective tool for analyzing a wide variety of dynamic problems that are not amenable to study by other means. These problems are usually associated with complex processes that cannot readily be described in analytical terms. To provide an adequate test bed, the simulation model must reflect with fidelity the actual traffic-flow process. This chapter describes the traffic models that are embedded in simulation packages and the procedures that are being used to build traffic simulation models and conduct simulation experiments.

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trafficflow

This affix is Index.

The revised monograph includes new developments in traffic-flow theory since 1975. Chapter 3 (Human Factors) and chapter 5 (Continuum Flow Models) are two completely new chapters in this report. All chapters deal with issues on a much broader basis than the previous reports. More importantly, issues of, and application to, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are discussed in the chapters to the extent possible. For example, the Human Factors chapter includes three levels of driving tasks, including the knowledge-based behavior that becomes increasingly more important to traffic-flow theories as ITS mature. The Traffic Simulation chapter is expanded from the microscopic simulation model to the mesoscopic and macroscopic simulation models, and the simulation-based traffic assignment is expanded to address time-dependent traffic assignment issues.
I have uploaded all of the book , that all!

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