才发现霍桑教授九月份就去世了。

通流

我想了解二次流的人可能都知道霍桑爵士。对于搞喷气发动机的人，可能更知道他。因为他是Whittle团队的重要成员。

Sir William R. Hawthorne, a professor of mechanical engineering at MIT from the mid-1940s to the early 1950s who was a pioneer of jet engine technology, died of pneumonia in Cambridge, England, on Friday, Sept. 16. He was 98.

Deemed a “sparkling” personality by students and colleagues alike, Hawthorne, who was knighted in 1970 by Queen Elizabeth II, made numerous contributions in advancing jet-engine and gas-turbine technology. Throughout his career, Hawthorne, who was born in Benton, England, made a point of forging ties between his two alma maters, the University of Cambridge and MIT, a collaboration that still exists today.

Hawthorne graduated from Cambridge in 1934 with a Bachelor of Arts degree, and spent a year as an apprentice at the manufacturing firm Babcock and Wilcox Ltd., before heading across the Atlantic to MIT.

It was here, in “the other Cambridge,” where Hawthorne received an ScD in chemical engineering and worked up a thesis, “The Mixing of Gas and Air in Flames,” in which he studied burning jets of combustible gas. While most researchers assumed gas would burn completely as long as there was enough free oxygen, Hawthorne found that in fast-burning fires, the flames contained eddies of unburned, gaseous fuel along with free oxygen.

Hawthorne’s work at MIT proved useful after graduation, as he was called back to England during World War II. There, as he liked to say, Hawthorne “was loaned” to Sir Frank Whittle, known as the father of jet propulsion. Hawthorne and Whittle worked on the country’s development of jet aircraft; Hawthorne drew from his thesis work at MIT to design a fuel mixture for fast combustion. Together, he and Whittle engineered the combustion chambers for the first British jet engine ever to fly.

通流

Sir William R. Hawthorne CBE, FRS, FREng, FIMECHE, FRAES, (22 May 1913 – 16 September 2011) was a British professor of engineering who worked on the development of the jet engine.

Hawthorne was born in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, the son of a civil engineer from Belfast. He was educated at Westminster School, London, then read mathematics and engineering at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating in 1934 with a double first. He spent two years as a graduate apprentice with Babcock and Wilcox Ltd, then went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, MA, where his research on laminar and turbulent flames earned him a ScD two years later. In 1939 he married Barbara Runkle (d. 1992, granddaughter of MIT's second President John Daniel Runkle), and they had one son and two daughters.

After MIT, he returned to Babcock and Wilcox. In 1940, he joined the Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough. He was seconded from there to Power Jets Ltd at Lutterworth, where he worked with Frank Whittle on combustion chamber development for the jet engine. Building on his work on the mixing of fuel and air in flames at MIT, he derived the mixture for fast combustion; the chambers produced by his team were used in the first British jet aircraft.

In 1941, he returned to Farnborough as head of the newly formed Gas Turbine Division and in 1944 he was sent for a time to Washington to work with the British Air Commission. In 1945, he became Deputy Director of Engine Research in the British Ministry of Supply before returning to America a year later as an Associate Professor of Engineering at MIT. He was appointed George Westinghouse Professor of Mechanical Engineering there at the age of 35, and in 1951 returned to Cambridge, UK as the first Hopkinson and Imperial Chemical Industries Professor of Applied Thermodynamics (1951–1980). Hawthorne's most outstanding work at Cambridge was in the understanding of loss mechanisms in turbomachinery, and during his time as Head of Department he and Professor John Horlock (later Vice-Chancellor of the Open University) established the Turbomachinery Laboratory.

The oil shortage following the Suez Crisis and Hawthorne's interest in energy matters led to his invention and development of Dracone flexible barges for transporting oil, fresh water, or other liquids. (The name Dracone is allegedly a reference to Frank Herbert's Dragon in the Sea science fiction novel which featured this kind of tanker.[1]) Hawthorne was active on many committees and advisory bodies concerned with energy matters, in particular the Advisory Council on Energy Conservation, of which he was chairman from its inception in 1974.

Hawthorne was elected to the fellowship of the Royal Society in 1955, and was knighted in 1970. He became Head of the Department of Engineering in Cambridge in 1968 and was appointed Master of Churchill College, Cambridge in the same year (1968–1983).

President of the Pentacle Club from 1970–1990, Hawthorne was well known for performing magic, and is remembered to this day by the kitchen staff at Churchill College as 'the man who made cheese rolls come out from behind his ears'.

通流

Hawthorne 教授还是 Denton 的博士导师。Denton有不少中国学生，像徐力平，何力。

[ 本帖最后由 通流 于 2011-11-10 02:11 编辑 ]

uesoft

拿一个压气机叶轮

通流

他原来是搞燃烧的。大概70年代（也许是60年代）才搞起叶轮机械的。