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[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

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发表于 2005-10-5 20:54:22 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

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目前交通网络可靠性主要集中在三个方面:连通可靠度、运行时间可靠度和路网容量可靠性。
连通可靠度最早是由日本的Mine和Kawai于1982年提出的。它反映的是交通网络节点两两间保持连通的概率。连通可靠度求解过程中,一般只研究路段或结点的0、1两种状态,即连通或不连通。而且连通可靠度分析假设当两点间只要有一条路径连通,则系统可视为连通可靠的。因该指标没有考虑路网容量限制的问题,即当路网处于连通状态时,即认为路段或路网能够满足所有的交通需求的情况。这与日常交通路网的实际情况是不符的。所以,连通可靠度对日常路网运行状态的评价不太适用。但对当地震等灾害发生的极端条件下的路网运行状态,其评价或预测结果还是可以满足精度要求的。
Asakura and Kashiwadani于1991年提出了运行时间可靠度的概念。运行时间的可靠度是路网可靠性的另一种测度方法。运行时间的可靠度可定义为:在规定的时间内,车辆能从起点O到达讫点D的概率。在通常的流量变化的情况下,这种方法对于路网运行状况的评价很有效。Asakura于1996年提出在研究运行时间的可靠性时应考虑由于道路条件的恶化而导致的容量的下降。他认为运行时间的可靠性是阻塞状态运行时间与畅通状态运行时间之比的函数。当它们的比值接近于1时,说明路网的流量接近于其通行能力;当这个值趋于无穷大时,说明某段路发生严重的堵塞而不能到达目的地。这一特殊情况与连通可靠度是一致的。
路网容量可靠性的概念是美国犹他州州立大学Anthony Chen等提出的。其含义是:在一定服务水平下,路网容量能满足交通需求的概率。它既考虑了路网容量限制问题,又考虑了出行者的路线选择行为,弥补了连通可靠度的一些缺陷。容量可靠度能用来评价交通条件恶化情况下,路网容量满足一定需求水平的概率,可用于说明现在的路网对于预期的需求是否足够。但是容量可靠度的计算是基于系统模拟基础上的,主要是从路网角度进行宏观评价。体现不出道路单元的可靠度与系统可靠度的显性关系,其次反映路网潜在能力的路网容量存储系数依赖于路段的通行能力,而实际通行能力由于众多影响因素的存在是不断变化的,因此需要大量的实测数据来估计其分布曲线,而实际通行能力的实测数据很难得到。此外,在容量可靠性计算中司机的路线选择行为是建立在司机对路况条件全面了解的假定上的。这种假定对于规律性的交通拥挤(如,高峰期间、瓶颈路段)也许是合适的,但对于偶发性的交通事件(如,交通事故、车辆抛锚等)需要用随机模型来分析司机的路线选择行为。
交通系统可靠度的概念是近几年由国外一些学者提出来的,国内对此研究还刚刚起步。交通系统可靠度这一概率性的评价指标不仅能更准确、更全面地评价路网的运行状态,为提高路网利用效率提供技术支持;而且可以直接服务于用户,为道路使用者的路径选择提供依据。它不仅考虑交通供给和交通需求的随机性变化,而且将路网的拓扑结构和人们的决策行为结合起来,为实现交通流的时空均匀分布创造了条件,它为ITS系统更有效地提高交通系统运行效率提供了评判标准及理论依据。从而使得它比以往所采用的其他路网指标更具综合性及适用性。

[ 本帖最后由 水寿松 于 2009-4-28 02:12 编辑 ]
 楼主| 发表于 2005-10-5 20:58:46 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

目前引用较多的国外文献有:
The Network Reliability of Transport(Michael G H Bell, Yasunori Iida )--就是1st International Symposium on Transportation Network Reliability (INSTR)(会议是2001举办,书2003年出版)
2nd INSTR
Reliability of Transport Networks,(eds. M. Bell & C. Cassir), Research Studies Press Ltd
Journal of Advanced Transportation,Vol. 33, No. 2,1999的8篇文章。
国内期刊网上的一些文章:
[1]梁颖,城市交通系统畅通可靠性分析与优化[D],北京工业大学图书馆
[2]裴玉龙,盖春英,公路网运营可靠度研究[J],公路交通科技,2005年5月第5期,119-123
[3]刘海旭,卜雷,蒲云,道路交通网络可靠性研究综述[J],世界科技研究与发展,2004年4月第2期,68-72
[4]熊志华,邵春福,路网可靠性研究的回顾与展望[J],交通运输系统工程与信息,2003年5月第2期,77-80
[5]金键,城市道路交通网络可靠性探讨[J],交通运输工程与信息学报,2004年6月第2期,76-81
[6]侯立文,蒋馥,城市道路网络可靠性的研究[J],系统工程,2000年9月第5期,44-48
[7]熊志华,姚智胜,路网可靠性及其层次分析[J],交通科技与经济,2004年第4期,1-3
[8]侯立文,蒋馥,城市道路网的可靠性仿真[J],系统仿真学报,2002年5月第5期,664-668
[9]熊志华,姚智胜,邵春福,基于路段相关的路网行程时间可靠性[J],中国安全科学学报,2004年10月第10期,81-85
[10]刘海旭,卜雷,蒲云,随机路网的行程时间可靠性[J],土木工程学报,2004年8月第8期,102-105
[11]刘海旭,蒲云,弹性需求随机路网的可靠性[J],公路交通科技,2005年7月第7期,97-100
[12]刘海旭,蒲云,基于路段走行时间可靠性的路网容量可靠性[J],西南交通大学学报,2004年10月第5期,573-576
[13]郭寒英, 石红国,突发事件下路网运行时间可靠性研究[J],公路交通科技,2005年8月第8期,102-105
[14]毛林繁,城市公交网络可靠性的双层规划模型[J],中国公路学报,2002年7月第3期,88-91
[15]陈建壮,周伟,公路网通行可靠度的评价[J],长安大学学报,2002年7月第4期,52-54
[16]陈艳艳,王东炜,王光远,考虑绕行及流量约束的道路交通系统抗震能力评估方法[J],工程抗震,2004年6月第3期,38-40
[17]刘澜,袁庆达,杜文,ITS条件下道路行车系统可靠性评价的概念性研究[J],公路交通科技,2001年12月第6期,70-72
[18]陈艳艳,梁 颖,杜华兵,可靠度在路网运营状态评价中的应用[J],土木工程学报,2003年1月第1期,36-40
[19]陈艳艳,杜华兵,梁颖,城市路网畅通可靠度优化遗传算法[J],北京工业大学学报,2003年9月第3期,334-337
[20]侯立文,蒋馥,基于路网可靠性的路网服务水平[J],系统工程理论方法应用,2003年9月第3期,248-252
[21]侯立文,蒋馥,城市道路网中路段相对重要性研究[J],系统工程理论方法应用,2004年10月第5期,425-428
[22]陈艳艳,高爱霞,刘小明,荣建,道路交通运行状态可靠性评价方法综述及展望[J],公路,2003年10月第10期,127-131
[23]朱顺应,王炜,邓卫,唐勇,王波,交通网络可靠度及其通路算法研究[J],中国公路学报,2000年1月第1期,91-94
[24]陈艳艳,宋建民,关宏志,任福田,基于畅通可靠性分析的城市道路改扩建优化决策[J],北京工业大学学报,2000年12月第4期,43-46
[25]范海雁,吴志周,杨晓光,基于道路交通网络拓扑结构的可靠性研究[J],中国矿业大学学报,2005年5月第4期,482-485
[26]高爱霞,陈艳艳,荣建,基于BP神经网络技术的路段实际通行能力[J],北京工业大学学报,2004年12月第4期,462-465
[27]王海超,解国仁,党淑华,城市公路网络的连通可靠性分析[J],河北建筑科技学院学报,1997年9月第3期,17-21
[28]高爱霞,城市快速路运行时间可靠度研究[M],北京工业大学图书馆
发表于 2005-10-5 21:38:30 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

不错 不错
顶一下 哈
发表于 2005-11-29 09:12:45 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

比较关心用可靠度来分析网络中的关键接点、路段(枢纽和通道)问题……
这个方面应该可以做到宏观理论和微观理论的综合吧?!…………
发表于 2005-11-29 17:55:56 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

是啊,好像感觉切入点不需要太多的理论知识,比如熟悉图论就可以了,但是总是觉得想继续深入研究下去就迫切掌握较多的理论知识了,至少系统工程方面一大堆就要熟悉的很!
好像可以和现在的版友讨论的复杂网络理论的相关内容紧密结合在一起啊?
不知道对不对,楼下继续……
 楼主| 发表于 2005-11-29 23:43:48 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

现有可靠性研究的文献好像还没有涉及到宏观交通流和微观交通流的结合,基本的路阻函数还是BRP函数。
路段可靠性向路径可靠性的传播,向节点可靠性的传播是未来的一个研究方向吧。
图论是研究连通可靠性的一个非常重要的工具,不过现在研究已经不是很多,这方面可以看看wakabayashi的论文。现在的研究重点在旅行时间可靠性和通行能力可靠性方面。
复杂网络就更玄乎啦,不懂什么意思。
发表于 2005-11-30 22:00:42 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

连通可靠性主要适用于一些短期内难以恢复的突发事件对交通的影响分析,如地震、飓风、洪水等,由于对路网结构的破坏,因此比较合适用0-1两种状态进行描述,但对于日常交通行为,多半是介于0-1两种状态之间,因此不宜用连通可靠性分析。
出行时间可靠性主要是Asakura提出,其定义为破坏的路网和非破坏路网出行时间的比值,可用其来衡量路网的服务水平,其极限情况就是连通可靠性。
目前研究较多的是容量可靠性,在这方面可见Anthony Chen的论文,香港科技大学杨海教授也做了很好的研究工作,主要包括路网的保留容量(Reserve Capacity),路网的最大容量(Ultimate Capacity),路网的实际容量(Practical Capacity)等等。
发表于 2005-11-30 22:08:24 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

LBSALE[100]LBSALE[这个贴子最后由wxiong在 2005/11/30 10:37pm 第 4 次编辑]

[free]Author:Anthony Chen,Hai Yang,Hong K.Lo,Wilson H.Tang
Title:Capacity reliability of a road network:an assessment methodology and numerical results
这篇长达28页的论文发表在著名的TR-B上,对路网可靠性有非常全面和深刻的介绍!
发表于 2005-12-1 15:29:36 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

图论,主要用来解决一些小规模的网络问题,但是大规模的网络模型,还得用到复杂网络的一些理论与方法,但是这一块非常玄啊.不知道我讲的对不对,希望跟大家多讨论11
发表于 2005-12-1 18:05:58 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

[这个贴子最后由东东在 2005/12/01 06:10pm 第 1 次编辑]
下面引用由hxwfirst2005/12/01 03:29pm 发表的内容:
图论,主要用来解决一些小规模的网络问题,但是大规模的网络模型,还得用到复杂网络的一些理论与方法,但是这一块非常玄啊.不知道我讲的对不对,希望跟大家多讨论11
是啊是啊,很玄的东东。国内就是这样,以看到国外什么流行了,就跟风,决大部分就是做做总结性的工作,挖掘一下国外学者不甘心做的细节东西,成果一般不是很高的。挺好的一个研究方向啊,就这样白白……
图论的知识,对于能够直观显示或是眼睛能够观察的网络来说,功能是强大的!复杂网络主要好像利用统计规律的理论,包括数学上的和物理上的,不懂,不过知道这里的“大规模”是指上万个以上,像interent网啊,那种上亿个节点的网络是最好的研究对象,而像城市路网这种,上千个的节点,好像玩不转啊,不过大家都尝试,呵呵,不说,听听专家们的意见吧,像高自友教授这种的专家学者或者是他的课题组的搞这个的研究生也行啊,嘿嘿!
俄不懂,瞎吹的,不要板砖俺啊!!
发表于 2005-12-1 20:16:57 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

Shoregh的信息很全面, 目前国际上的研究也就这个状况了. 这个领域哈有许多东西值得研究, 可以将电力网络和通信网络的可靠性研究成果借过来.
提供一个信息: 英国的 Mike Bell等人, 日本的Iida等人, 和香港的William Lam等人有个跨国际的小组, 他们定期开会(INSTR), 交流交通网络可靠性方面的研究. 见下面. 其中提到下一次ISTTT在伦敦召开, 2007年. 大家积极准备论文, 明年一月是详细摘要的截止期.
Minutes of INSTR Scientific Committee meeting on Sunday 22nd September 2004, Hotel Grand Chancellor, Christchurch, NZ.

1.Introduction
Welcome by MGH Bell. Thanks to Alan Nicholson and Andre Dantas for organising 2nd INSTR and the preconference trip to Queenstown. The trip was enjoyed by all participants.

2.Venue for 3rd INSTR
The Scientific Committee received two offers for holding the 3rd INSTR in 2007. The first offer came from David Watling to hold the conference in Leeds or the Lake District, the second from Henk van Zuylen to hold the conference in Delft.
Agachai Sumalee presented the Leeds offer: To hold the conference in Leeds would have the advantage of having both ISTTT and INSTR in England in July 2007. The offer has the full support of the university.  There are good transport connections to Leeds from London.  It is suggested to hold the conference in the Lake District. The Lake District is two hours from Leeds and six hours from London by bus.
Henk van Zuylen reported on the Delft offer: Delft is less than 1 hour by flight from London, therefore it is also suggested to hold the 3rd INSTR just before or after ISTTT. He emphasized that Delft as a nice venue for a conference. Further, holding the conference in Delft would fit with a new research programme launched by the Dutch government and Delft University on transport reliability called “From A to Better”. He also noted a possible disadvantage: Currently the Schengen visa does not cover the UK so that non-EU participants for both conferences would have to apply for two Visas. As a possible preconference trip sailing in the canals around Delft was suggested.
The Committee requested clarification on whether these two offers would also be valid for 2010. Henk van Zuylen replied that this is not the case because of his retirement. Agachai Sumalee did not want to comment on this in the absence of David Watling. If the offer of David Watling would be accepted the committee further thought Leeds would be more suitable as a venue with a preconference trip to the Lake District.
In the absence of Henk van Zuylen and Agachai Sumalee the Committee voted with a majority of 4:3 for Delft with Mike Bell not voting.

3.Constitution for INSTR
Mike Bell asked if there is a need for a written INSTR constitution. Mike Taylor noted that ISTTT does not have a written constitution but that the minutes and long-standing history of ISTTT implicitly form a constitution. The committee asks Mike Taylor to write down what he understands the ISTTT constitution to be.
Following issues should be addressed in the constitution:
•How is a convener chosen? (INSTR has no address)
•How are papers selected (for conference and publication)?
•How are publications handled?
Henk van Zuylen is asked to comply with the forthcoming INSTR constitution as far as possible.

4.Publications
Alan Nicholson reported on two options:
•Special Issue in Transportation A which would mean to select 8-10 papers. Answer from Frank Haight awaited.
&#8226ublish a book as done before. This would allow publishing a greater number of papers. Positive answer on this possibility from Chris Pringle expected.
The committee expressed a clear preference to publish a book and continue the (so far short) INSTR history. Mike Bell and Alan Nicholson will discuss conditions for a book every three years with Chris Pringle. The committee discussed following main advantages of book versus journal: Speed of publication, more papers can be selected, book proven to be successful. The committee is aware of the possible counterargument that for academic records and CVs a publication in a peer-reviewed journal might count more in some countries.
Internet publication was further discussed as a possible third option but not thought to be feasible because of missing exposure to a wider audience.
However, the committee suggested that the conference proceedings (6 page summary papers) could be published on the internet immediately.

5.Review procedure
Current reviewing procedure is not very rigid. All papers except three not relevant to the conference topic were accepted for this symposium. Majority of committee expressed a preference for higher standards, and ISTTT or TRB are thought to be good examples. It was noted that a full paper review before the conference will require a large enough network and is time intensive. However, Henk van Zuylen is aiming to do so for next INSTR.
6.Yasounori Iida retirement
Yasounori Iida requested to be withdrawn from the Scientific Committee. The primary reason for this is his retirement next year. Secondly, he notes that four Japanese members in the committee might be too many to keep the international balance.
Mike Bell thanks Yousourni Iida for his contributions as a founding member of INSTR. The Committee asks Yasounori Iida to become an honory member and to keep in contact with this conference series. This is accepted by Yasounori Iida.
7.Close
Mike Bell asks if there are any further issues and closes the meeting by thanking all attendees.
发表于 2005-12-1 20:22:33 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析


Haijun,
How is the progress of extending the parking paper for the ISTTT17? Are you still interested to submit this abstract to ISTTT17? Please advise.
Note that the deadline for submission is 15 Jan 2006.
____________________________________________________________________
Hi all,
Can you please circulate the ISTTT17 second call for papers widely?  It is particularly important since the cycle starts so soon...  Note too that there is an intention to refund reasonable travel costs for speakers...
_______________________________________________________________________
I would be grateful if you would forward the attached to IAC members with a request to circulate it widely (with the customary apologies for cross-posting). As you will see, we have included a statement of our intention to refund "reasonable travel costs for speakers" in the hope that this will open the flood gates!
___________________________________________________________________________
ISTTT 17 London 2007
For details of the 17th International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory
in London visit www.isttt.org. Deadline for extended abstracts is 15 January 2006.
___________________________________________________________________________

17th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM OF TRANSPORTATION AND TRAFFIC THEORY -- SECOND CALL

The 17th International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory ( ISTTT17 ) will be held at the Institution of Civil Engineers, London, UK from July 23 to 25, 2007. The ISTTT series is the main gathering for the world';s transportation and traffic theorists, and those who are interested in contributing to or gaining a deeper understanding of the field. The Symposium deals with both scientific and operational aspects of transportation and traffic, spanning all modes of transport, and covering freight as well as private and public transport. For further details see www.isttt.org.

To present a paper at this event, an extended abstract (1000 words) should be submitted electronically (word or pdf format) to the organisers at isttt17@imperial.ac.uk by 15 January 2006, for a first-round review. If the abstract is accepted, a full length manuscript will be requested by 30 June 2006, for final evaluation. Authors of accepted papers will be asked to produce a final camera-ready manuscript in Word format by 15 January 2007, for publication in the proceedings by Elsevier. Following the tradition of previous Symposia, the proceedings (now recognised as a journal by the Scopus abstract and indexing database) will be available at the time of the Symposium.

It is expected that ISTTT17 will be able to refund reasonable travel costs for up to one speaker per accepted paper.  

ISTTT17
c/o Jackie Sime
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Imperial College London
London SW7 2BU
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 (0)20-7594-6100
Fax: +44 (0)20-7594-6102
isttt17@imperial.ac.uk
www.imperial.ac.uk/cts
www.cts.ucl.ac.uk

Carlos F. Daganzo
The Robert Horonjeff Professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering
416A McLaughlin Hall
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720-1720
Director, UC Berkeley Center for Future Urban Transport: A Volvo Center of Excellence
http://www.its.berkeley.edu/volvocenter/aboutus.html
发表于 2005-12-2 23:48:09 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

国内研究交通运输网络复杂性以高自友教授为代表的.在这方面作了些工作,大家可以参考一下
发表于 2005-12-2 23:50:10 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

应用复杂网络的理论与方法来解决交通系统的问题,也许可以另辟奚径,希望大家多讨论,就目前来看在这方面发表的文章几乎是屈指可数.
发表于 2006-5-30 14:34:21 | 显示全部楼层

[讨论]-来谈谈交通网络可靠性分析

虽然有点贵,但是我觉得还是值得的,找了好长时间这个文章了,谢谢提供.
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